Question

this excerpt explains the system of federalism. in a single public, all the power surrendered by the people is submitted to the administration of a single government... in the government separated into states of america, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then the portio allotted to each, subdivided among... separate departments. hence a double security arises to the rights of the people. the different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself. — james madison, federalists, no. 51, 1788 part a based on the excerpt, why did james madison believe that federalism is needed in government? a it allows the government to make decisions more efficiently. b it limits government authority in order to avoid abuses of power. c it prevents conflicts over controversial government policies. d it provided the government with a way to support the powers of the military. part b which idea expressed by madison in the excerpt provides evidence to support the answer to part a? a people surrender their power to the government. b a single government body is best. c local governments should have the most power. d power divided between governmental bodies protects the people.

Explanation:

For Part A:

• The excerpt mentions that in federalism, power is divided between two distinct governments and then subdivided. This division creates a "double security" for people's rights as different governments control each other. Limiting government authority (through division of power) to avoid abuse of power aligns with this.

For Part B:

• The idea that power divided between governmental bodies protects the people (as stated in the excerpt about double - security for people's rights due to power division) supports the answer in Part A (limiting government authority through power division).

Answer:

Part A: B. It limits government authority in order to avoid abuses of power
Part B: D. Power divided between governmental bodies protects the people