Question

even though its structure and function has been modified in different species, the humerus bone of vertebrate forelimbs is an example of __________ because it arose from the same bone in a common ancestor. fill in the blank. ∘ superposition ∘ analogy ∘ homology ∘ convergent evolution

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Superposition: Related to layers (e.g., in geology or waves), not relevant here.
• Analogy: Structures with similar function but different origin (convergent evolution), not matching the "same bone in common ancestor" clue.
• Homology: Structures derived from a common ancestral structure, even with modified function/structure. This matches the humerus example.
• Convergent evolution: Leads to analogous structures, not homologous.

Answer:

C. Homology