Question

evaluate the model.
select the correct statement(s).
the temperature goes up as the ice melts. it goes up
as the water vaporizes.
when thermal energy is added to the system, the
physical state always changes.
the temperature stays the same as the ice melts. it
stays the same as the water vaporizes.
when thermal energy is added to the system, the
temperature goes up or the physical state changes.
when thermal energy is added to the system, the
temperature always goes up.
video credit: status change of water, by javalab, cc by-sa 4.0

Explanation:

When thermal energy is added to a system, two things can happen: the temperature can change or the physical state can change. During phase - changes (like ice melting or water vaporizing), the temperature remains constant while the physical state changes. So, when thermal energy is added and the physical state changes, the temperature doesn't always go up. But when thermal energy is added and the physical state doesn't change (i.e., no phase - change), the temperature goes up.

Answer:

When thermal energy is added to the system, the temperature goes up OR the physical state changes.