Question

element number of valence electrons electron - dot structure arsenic carbon oxygen aluminum

Explanation:

Step1: Determine valence electrons

• For Arsenic (As): It is in group 15 of the periodic table. Group number - 10 gives the number of valence electrons. So, \(15 - 10=5\) valence electrons.
• For Carbon (C): It is in group 14. \(14 - 10 = 4\) valence electrons.
• For Oxygen (O): It is in group 16. \(16 - 10=6\) valence electrons.
• For Aluminum (Al): It is in group 13. \(13 - 10 = 3\) valence electrons.

Step2: Draw electron - dot structures

• Electron - dot structure (Lewis dot structure) represents valence electrons as dots around the element symbol.
• For Arsenic (As) with 5 valence electrons: We place the dots around the 'As' symbol. One of the correct electron - dot structures is \(\cdot\!\!\!:\!As\!\!\!\cdot\) (there are multiple valid arrangements as long as 5 dots are present).
• For Carbon (C) with 4 valence electrons: One of the correct electron - dot structures is \(\cdot\!\!\!:\!C\!\!\!\cdot\) (multiple valid arrangements with 4 dots).
• For Oxygen (O) with 6 valence electrons: One of the correct electron - dot structures is \(\cdot\!\!\!:\!O\!\!\!\cdot\) (multiple valid arrangements with 6 dots).
• For Aluminum (Al) with 3 valence electrons: One of the correct electron - dot structures is \(\cdot\!Al\!\!\!\cdot\) (multiple valid arrangements with 3 dots).

Answer:

Element	Number of Valence Electrons	Electron - Dot Structure
Carbon	\(4\)	\(\cdot\!\!\!:\!C\!\!\!\cdot\) (or other valid 4 - dot arrangements)
Oxygen	\(6\)	\(\cdot\!\!\!:\!O\!\!\!\cdot\) (or other valid 6 - dot arrangements)
Aluminum	\(3\)	\(\cdot\!Al\!\!\!\cdot\) (or other valid 3 - dot arrangements)