Question

drag each label to the correct location.
match the changed nucleotide sequences to the mutations that cause them.

cattcacacca
cattcacaccg
cattttcacaccg
cattcaccg
cattcacacac

type of mutation
substitution
inversion
insertion
deletion

original nucleotide
sequence
cattcacaccg
cattcacaccg
cattcacaccg
cattcacaccg

changed nucleotide
sequence

Explanation:

• Substitution: A single nucleotide is replaced. In the original sequence "CATTCACACCG", if we look at "CATTCACACA", the last "CG" becomes "A" (substitution of the last - two nucleotides with one).
• Duplication: A segment is repeated. For "CATTCACACACCG", the "CAC" segment is duplicated (original has one "CAC", changed has two "CAC" in a row).
• Inversion: A segment is reversed. "CATTGCACAC" - assume a segment within the original "CATTCACACCG" (maybe "TTC" is inverted to "CTT" in a more complex view, but comparing to the original, if we consider a small - scale inversion within the relevant part).
• Insertion: Extra nucleotides are added. "CATTTTCACACCG" has an extra "T" inserted (original "CATTC..." becomes "CATTTTC...").
• Deletion: Nucleotides are removed. "CATTCACG" has some nucleotides deleted (original "CATTCACACCG" loses "ACA").

Answer:

• Substitution: CATTCACACA
• Duplication: CATTCACACACCG
• Inversion: CATTGCACAC
• Insertion: CATTTTCACACCG
• Deletion: CATTCACG