Question

developing central ideas

janeczko explains that van lew put enciphered messages in a books spine and added pinholes above letters on select pages. how does this information further develop the central idea that van lews actions revolutionized the expectation and role of women in society? check all that apply.

to illustrate how van lew continued to swap intelligence with prisoners
to emphasize van lews resourcefulness and determination
to provide insight into the morale of rebel troops
to demonstrate the use of encrypted messages in the civil war
to illustrate van lews loyalty to the prison commandant

Explanation:

Analyze the question and central idea

The question asks how the information about Van Lew putting enciphered messages in a book's spine and adding pinholes above letters on select pages further develops the central idea that Van Lew's actions revolutionized the expectation and role of women in society. We need to evaluate which of the given options correctly explain how this specific evidence supports that central idea.

Evaluate the first option

The first option is "to illustrate how Van Lew continued to swap intelligence with prisoners". Van Lew used books to smuggle messages to and from Union prisoners held in Confederate prisons. Using a book's spine and pinholes was a highly creative way to pass intelligence back and forth under the noses of prison guards, which directly illustrates how she continued to swap intelligence with prisoners. This supports the central idea by showing her active, unconventional role in espionage.

Evaluate the second option

The second option is "to emphasize Van Lew's resourcefulness and determination". Hiding enciphered messages in a book's spine and using pinholes to spell out words requires immense creativity, precision, and effort. This detailed description highlights her cleverness (resourcefulness) and her unwavering commitment to the Union cause (determination), which directly challenges the traditional 19th-century expectation that women were passive or incapable of complex tactical operations. Thus, this option is correct.

Evaluate the third option

The third option is "to provide insight into the morale of rebel troops". The passage describes Van Lew's methods of transmitting secret messages. It does not discuss the emotional state, confidence, or morale of the Confederate (rebel) soldiers. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Evaluate the fourth option

The fourth option is "to demonstrate the use of encrypted messages in the Civil War". The description of "enciphered messages" and "pinholes above letters" is a direct, concrete example of how encryption and steganography were utilized during the Civil War. By showing that a woman was successfully executing these sophisticated intelligence methods, it supports the central idea regarding the expanded capabilities and roles of women. Thus, this option is correct.

Evaluate the fifth option

The fifth option is "to illustrate Van Lew's loyalty to the prison commandant". Van Lew was a Union spy operating against the Confederacy; her loyalty was to the Union, not to the Confederate prison commandant. Her secret messages were meant to subvert the prison administration, not to show loyalty to them. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Answer:

• to illustrate how Van Lew continued to swap intelligence with prisoners (Correct answer)
• to emphasize Van Lew's resourcefulness and determination (Correct answer)
• to provide insight into the morale of rebel troops
• to demonstrate the use of encrypted messages in the Civil War (Correct answer)
• to illustrate Van Lew's loyalty to the prison commandant