Question

consider the example of peptide bond formation between two amino acids, such as the valines shown in the ball - and - stick models. which of the following would best solve thespatial orientation problem so that reaction rates would increase? choose the single best answer. cool the reaction solution to low temperature, so that each amino acid is moving around, at random, at lower speeds. a molecule binds the two amino acids in such a way that the amino group on one is placed against the carboxyl group of the second. lower the concentration of amino acids, so that they are less likely to bump into each other at random.

Explanation:

• Cooling the reaction solution (first option) would slow down molecular motion, reducing the chance of proper orientation for reaction, so it's not a solution.
• Lowering the concentration (third option) reduces the frequency of amino - acid collisions, which is not helpful for increasing reaction rates to solve the orientation problem.
• A molecule binding the two amino acids to align the amino group of one with the carboxyl group of the other (second option) directly addresses the spatial orientation problem by bringing the reactive groups (amino and carboxyl) into the correct position for peptide - bond formation.

Answer:

A molecule binds the two amino acids in such a way that the amino group on one is placed against the carboxyl group of the second.