Question

confucianism addresses social and political aspects of society. confucious emphasized a respect and concern for others, appropriate moral behavior, ________ ______ (respect for elders), and understanding one’s role in society. this theory also called for government positions to be awarded based on ______ rather than family connections (civil service exams). confucianism greatly influenced china, and the government embraced it because it encouraged loyalty and respect to the government. some people in china resisted confucianism and preferred buddhism because it also encouraged peace. the chinese government created “______, ________,” a blending of buddhist and confucian values, in response which appealed to the people much more.

the reasons for the song dynasty’s decline were weak rulers, outside invaders, poor economy, and mercenary soldiers. the mongols were ________ clans who were a highly organized, military society. through a series of military conquests, ______ ______ united the mongol empire. he established a code of laws, even establishing religious freedom, and instituted a strong central government. he developed a ______ trained military featuring equestrians and skilled archers, and the military was known to be especially ______. under his rule, the mongolian warriors invaded china. he defeated the chinese military in the north and became the first non - chinese ruler. khan appointed mongols to run the government. he allowed religious ______ in his empire and protected the ________ routes (although he demanded tribute money in exchange for the protection). he was both ruthless, unleashing havoc upon resisters, and generous to those who were loyal to him. upon his death, the empire was split among his four sons.

kublai khan was the ________ of genghis khan. kublai khan took over approximately 30 years after ghengis khan’s death and declared himself the sole ruler, establishing the ______ dynasty. whereas ghengis khan conquered northern china, kublai khan expanded the empire by conquering southern china and moved west into persia and eastern europe. he established a new capital - khanbaliq or present - day beijing. the mongolian empire, under kublai khan, was the ______ land - based empire in history. kublai khan maintained control of the empire in several ways. first, he blended mongol and ______ aspects of government, such as civil service positions, although he only appointed mongols and foreign nobles to these positions to reduce the possibility of a coup. khan’s government collected various records about citizens, such as census and travel records and stationed troops throughout the empire to intimidate would - be revolters. he continued to allow religious ______ and tolerated the continued growth of buddhism among the chinese. further, mongol control of the ______ ______ allowed for the movement of his military whenever resistance occurred. he also established social classes in the empire, with ______ at the top, foreign nobles below them, followed by the ______. it should be noted that the people of china grew increasingly tired of paying tribute to the mongols. additionally, hostility grew amongst the chinese people due to the lack of chinese representation in government. through a series of rebellions, the chinese people moved from southern china to northern china and then into beijing. they forced the mongols to retreat from the city and back into ______, contributing to the rise of the ________ dynasty.

the “________ ______” were a network of trade routes that connected the east and west and were essential for the transfer of goods, ideas, culture and religions. the mongols controlled the silk road by constant patrol, demanding taxes and tolls for those who passed through, and maintaining and upgrading the conditions of the road itself. due to the increase in ______ and improvements in the roads, merchants, religious leaders, and travelers had safer passage, thereby increasing ______ and ________ diffusion in the region.

freedom mongols silk road yuan neo - confucianism
nomadic highly filial piety ming safety largest merit
brutal grandson mongolia freedom silk roads
chinese silk road trade ghengis khan chinese cultural

Explanation:

This problem is about filling in the blanks related to historical concepts like Confucianism, the Song dynasty's decline, Mongol history (Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan), and the Silk Road. The subfield of Social Science that best applies is History, as it deals with historical events, figures, and cultural - political developments in different time periods.

For the first blank about Confucianism's respect for elders, the term is "filial piety". Confucianism emphasizes filial piety as a core value related to respect for elders.

For the government positions in Confucianism, it should be "merit" because Confucianism advocated for government positions to be awarded based on merit (through civil service exams) rather than family connections.

The blending of Buddhist and Confucian values is "Neo - Confucianism".

The Mongols were "Nomadic" clans as they were a nomadic society.

"Genghis Khan" united the Mongol Empire through military conquests.

The military under Genghis Khan was "highly" trained, with equestrians and skilled archers, and the military was "Brutal" as they were known for their ruthless tactics.

Genghis Khan allowed religious "freedom" in his empire and protected the "Silk Road" routes.

Kublai Khan was the "grandson" of Genghis Khan.

Kublai Khan established the "Yuan" Dynasty.

The Mongolian Empire under Kublai Khan was the "largest" land - based empire in history.

He blended Mongol and "Chinese" aspects of government.

He allowed religious "freedom" and tolerated Buddhism's growth.

Mongol control of the "Silk Road" allowed for military movement.

The social classes had "Mongols" at the top.

After the Mongols were forced out, they went back to "Mongolia" and this contributed to the rise of the "Ming" Dynasty.

The network of trade routes is the "Silk Roads" (or "Silk Road" can also be used here, but "Silk Roads" is more accurate for the network).

Due to the increase in "safety" and road improvements, merchants and others had safer passage, increasing "trade" and "Cultural" diffusion.

Answer:

1. (respect for elders): filial piety
2. (government positions based on): merit
3. (blending of Buddhist and Confucian values): Neo - Confucianism
4. (Mongols were) : Nomadic
5. (united the Mongol Empire): Genghis Khan
6. (trained military) : highly
7. (military was especially) : Brutal
8. (allowed religious) : freedom
9. (protected the) : Silk Road
10. (Kublai Khan was the) : grandson
11. (established the) : Yuan
12. (was the) : largest
13. (blended Mongol and) : Chinese
14. (allowed religious) : freedom
15. (control of the) : Silk Road
16. (with at the top) : Mongols
17. (back into) : Mongolia
18. (rise of the) : Ming
19. (network of trade routes) : Silk Roads
20. (increase in) : safety
21. (increasing) : trade
22. (and diffusion) : Cultural