complete the table below. for example, in the first row decide whether sc^{3+} is a cation or anion. in the second row, write the symbol for the ion that an atom of fluorine is mostly likely to form and then decide what type of ion it is.
| element | most likely ion | symbol of ion | type of ion |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| scandium | sc^{3+} | | • cation • anion |
| fluorine | | f^{-} | • cation • anion |
| phosphorus | | | • cation • anion |
| cesium | | | • cation • anion |
| magnesium | | | • cation • anion |

Question

Accepted Answer

To solve this, we analyze each element:

### Scandium ($ \text{Sc} $)
- **Ion Symbol**: $ \text{Sc}^{3+} $ (given).
- **Ion Type**: Cation (loses electrons, positive charge).

### Fluorine ($ \text{F} $)
- **Most Likely Ion**: Gains 1 electron (halogen, group 17) → $ \text{F}^- $.
- **Ion Type**: Anion (gains electrons, negative charge).

### Phosphorus ($ \text{P} $)
- **Most Likely Ion**: Gains 3 electrons (group 15) → $ \text{P}^{3-} $.
- **Ion Type**: Anion (negative charge from gaining electrons).

### Cesium ($ \text{Cs} $)
- **Most Likely Ion**: Loses 1 electron (alkali metal, group 1) → $ \text{Cs}^+ $.
- **Ion Type**: Cation (positive charge from losing electrons).

### Magnesium ($ \text{Mg} $)
- **Most Likely Ion**: Loses 2 electrons (alkaline earth metal, group 2) → $ \text{Mg}^{2+} $.
- **Ion Type**: Cation (positive charge from losing electrons).

### Filling the Table:
| Element   | Symbol of Ion | Type of Ion |
|-----------|---------------|-------------|
| Scandium  | $ \text{Sc}^{3+} $ | Cation      |
| Fluorine  | $ \text{F}^- $     | Anion       |
| Phosphorus| $ \text{P}^{3-} $  | Anion       |
| Cesium    | $ \text{Cs}^+ $    | Cation      |
| Magnesium | $ \text{Mg}^{2+} $ | Cation      |

### Key Rules:
- **Cations**: Metals (left of periodic table) lose electrons (positive charge).
- **Anions**: Nonmetals (right of periodic table) gain electrons (negative charge).
- Group 1: Lose 1 electron ($ +1 $ charge).
- Group 2: Lose 2 electrons ($ +2 $ charge).
- Group 15: Gain 3 electrons ($ -3 $ charge).
- Group 17: Gain 1 electron ($ -1 $ charge).

### Final Table (with Corrected Ion Types for Fluorine/Phosphorus):
| Element   | Symbol of Ion | Type of Ion |
|-----------|---------------|-------------|
| Scandium  | $ \text{Sc}^{3+} $ | Cation      |
| Fluorine  | $ \text{F}^- $     | Anion       |
| Phosphorus| $ \text{P}^{3-} $  | Anion       |
| Cesium    | $ \text{Cs}^+ $    | Cation      |
| Magnesium | $ \text{Mg}^{2+} $ | Cation      |

(Note: The initial table had a mistake for fluorine/phosphorus ion types; corrected here using periodic table trends.)

Sovi.AI - AI Math Tutor

QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Scandium (\( \text{Sc} \))

Fluorine (\( \text{F} \))

Phosphorus (\( \text{P} \))

Cesium (\( \text{Cs} \))

Magnesium (\( \text{Mg} \))

Filling the Table:

Key Rules:

Final Table (with Corrected Ion Types for Fluorine/Phosphorus):

Answer: