Question

complete the following statements using the words or phrases provided. each word or phrase may be used more than once or not at all.
a water molecule is composed of ______ atoms.
the ______ bonding between water molecules allows water to be cohesive and adhesive.
water is ____ (sticks to itself) and ____ (sticks to other substances). together, these two properties account for water climbing a plant from roots to leaves.
because water is a ____ molecule, it is a good ____ for hydrophilic molecules.
sweating can have a cooling effect due to ____. this is because energy is needed to break water’s ____ bonds.
frozen water is ______ dense than liquid water, causing ice to float.

word bank (top to bottom): more, three, polar, adhesive, nonpolar, evaporation, solvent, covalent, cohesive, solute, less, two, hydrogen

Explanation:

To solve this fill - in - the - blank problem about water properties, we analyze each statement:

1. "A water molecule is composed of ______ atoms."

A water molecule ($H_2O$) has 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. So in total, it is composed of 3 atoms. So we fill in "three".

2. "The ______ bonding between water molecules allows water to be cohesive and adhesive."

Water molecules are polar, and the bonding between them is hydrogen bonding. But from the given word list, the relevant property of water molecules that leads to this bonding is that water is a "polar" molecule. The polar nature of water molecules (due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen) leads to hydrogen bonding between them, which is responsible for cohesion and adhesion. So we fill in "polar".

3. "Water is ____ (sticks to itself) and ____ (sticks to other substances). Together, these two propensities account for water climbing a plant from roots to leaves."

When water sticks to itself, it is called "cohesive", and when it sticks to other substances, it is called "adhesive". So the first blank is "cohesive" and the second blank is "adhesive".

4. "Because water is a ____ molecule, it is a good ____ for hydrophilic molecules."

Water is a polar molecule. Polar molecules are good solvents for hydrophilic (water - loving) molecules. So the first blank is "polar" and the second blank is "solvent".

5. "Sweating can have a cooling effect due to ____. This is because energy is needed to break water’s ____ bonds."

The process of sweating cools us down because of "evaporation". During evaporation, water changes from liquid to gas, and this process requires energy to break the "hydrogen" bonds (although from the word list, the relevant bond - related term here is related to the attraction between water molecules, and "cohesive" bonds can also be thought of in this context, but the process is evaporation). So the first blank is "evaporation" and the second blank is "cohesive" (or related to the bonds between water molecules, and from the word list, "cohesive" is appropriate as it relates to water - water interactions).

6. "Frozen water is ______ dense than liquid water, causing ice to float."

Frozen water (ice) is less dense than liquid water. So we fill in "less".

Final Answers for each blank (in order of the statements):

1. three
2. polar
3. cohesive; adhesive
4. polar; solvent
5. evaporation; cohesive
6. less

Answer:

To solve this fill - in - the - blank problem about water properties, we analyze each statement:

1. "A water molecule is composed of ______ atoms."

A water molecule ($H_2O$) has 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. So in total, it is composed of 3 atoms. So we fill in "three".

2. "The ______ bonding between water molecules allows water to be cohesive and adhesive."

Water molecules are polar, and the bonding between them is hydrogen bonding. But from the given word list, the relevant property of water molecules that leads to this bonding is that water is a "polar" molecule. The polar nature of water molecules (due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen) leads to hydrogen bonding between them, which is responsible for cohesion and adhesion. So we fill in "polar".

3. "Water is ____ (sticks to itself) and ____ (sticks to other substances). Together, these two propensities account for water climbing a plant from roots to leaves."

When water sticks to itself, it is called "cohesive", and when it sticks to other substances, it is called "adhesive". So the first blank is "cohesive" and the second blank is "adhesive".

4. "Because water is a ____ molecule, it is a good ____ for hydrophilic molecules."

Water is a polar molecule. Polar molecules are good solvents for hydrophilic (water - loving) molecules. So the first blank is "polar" and the second blank is "solvent".

5. "Sweating can have a cooling effect due to ____. This is because energy is needed to break water’s ____ bonds."

The process of sweating cools us down because of "evaporation". During evaporation, water changes from liquid to gas, and this process requires energy to break the "hydrogen" bonds (although from the word list, the relevant bond - related term here is related to the attraction between water molecules, and "cohesive" bonds can also be thought of in this context, but the process is evaporation). So the first blank is "evaporation" and the second blank is "cohesive" (or related to the bonds between water molecules, and from the word list, "cohesive" is appropriate as it relates to water - water interactions).

6. "Frozen water is ______ dense than liquid water, causing ice to float."

Frozen water (ice) is less dense than liquid water. So we fill in "less".

Final Answers for each blank (in order of the statements):

1. three
2. polar
3. cohesive; adhesive
4. polar; solvent
5. evaporation; cohesive
6. less