Question

complete each statement by selecting the correct word or phrase from each dropdown.

1. a wandering (click to select) encounters a bacterium.
2. extending outwards from the macrophage, (click to select) are formed to encircle the bacterium.
3. when completely surrounded, the bacterium is brought inside the cell membrane and forms a (click to select) .
4. lysosomes fuse with the phagosome to form a (click to select) .
5. enzymes from the (click to select) degrade and digest the bacterium.
6. the (click to select) now moves back to the cell membrane where it fuses once again.
7. release of the digested bacterium indicates the excretion of waste products via (click to select) .

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the process of phagocytosis (a cellular process in biology, specifically in the subfield of Biology under Natural Science) and identify the correct terms for each step:

Step 1: Identify the cell encountering the bacterium

In phagocytosis, the cell that engulfs pathogens (like bacteria) is a macrophage (a type of white blood cell). So the first blank is "macrophage".

Step 2: Structures extending to encircle the bacterium

Macrophages extend pseudopods (temporary projections of the cell membrane) to surround the bacterium. So the second blank is "pseudopods".

Step 3: Structure formed when the bacterium is internalized

When the bacterium is completely surrounded and brought into the cell, a phagosome (a vesicle containing the engulfed particle) is formed. So the third blank is "phagosome".

Step 4: Structure formed by lysosome-phagosome fusion

Lysosomes (containing digestive enzymes) fuse with the phagosome to form a phagolysosome. So the fourth blank is "phagolysosome".

Step 5: Source of enzymes degrading the bacterium

The enzymes that digest the bacterium come from the lysosome (which fuses with the phagosome to form the phagolysosome). So the fifth blank is "lysosome".

Step 6: Structure moving back to the cell membrane

After digestion, the phagolysosome (or the vesicle containing waste) moves back to the cell membrane. So the sixth blank is "phagolysosome" (or "vesicle" depending on context, but following phagocytosis terminology, it’s the vesicle with waste, often still called a phagolysosome at this stage).

Step 7: Process of waste excretion

The release of digested waste occurs via exocytosis (the process of a vesicle fusing with the cell membrane to release its contents outside the cell). So the seventh blank is "exocytosis".

Final Answers (filling each blank):

1. macrophage
2. pseudopods
3. phagosome
4. phagolysosome
5. lysosome
6. phagolysosome (or vesicle)
7. exocytosis

(Note: The exact answer choices in the dropdowns would need to match these terms, but based on phagocytosis biology, these are the correct terms for each step.)

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze the process of phagocytosis (a cellular process in biology, specifically in the subfield of Biology under Natural Science) and identify the correct terms for each step:

Step 1: Identify the cell encountering the bacterium

In phagocytosis, the cell that engulfs pathogens (like bacteria) is a macrophage (a type of white blood cell). So the first blank is "macrophage".

Step 2: Structures extending to encircle the bacterium

Macrophages extend pseudopods (temporary projections of the cell membrane) to surround the bacterium. So the second blank is "pseudopods".

Step 3: Structure formed when the bacterium is internalized

When the bacterium is completely surrounded and brought into the cell, a phagosome (a vesicle containing the engulfed particle) is formed. So the third blank is "phagosome".

Step 4: Structure formed by lysosome-phagosome fusion

Lysosomes (containing digestive enzymes) fuse with the phagosome to form a phagolysosome. So the fourth blank is "phagolysosome".

Step 5: Source of enzymes degrading the bacterium

The enzymes that digest the bacterium come from the lysosome (which fuses with the phagosome to form the phagolysosome). So the fifth blank is "lysosome".

Step 6: Structure moving back to the cell membrane

After digestion, the phagolysosome (or the vesicle containing waste) moves back to the cell membrane. So the sixth blank is "phagolysosome" (or "vesicle" depending on context, but following phagocytosis terminology, it’s the vesicle with waste, often still called a phagolysosome at this stage).

Step 7: Process of waste excretion

The release of digested waste occurs via exocytosis (the process of a vesicle fusing with the cell membrane to release its contents outside the cell). So the seventh blank is "exocytosis".

Final Answers (filling each blank):

1. macrophage
2. pseudopods
3. phagosome
4. phagolysosome
5. lysosome
6. phagolysosome (or vesicle)
7. exocytosis

(Note: The exact answer choices in the dropdowns would need to match these terms, but based on phagocytosis biology, these are the correct terms for each step.)