Question

classify the following characteristics based on the phase of mitosis they describe.
nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear
sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes
daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles
each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber
nucleolus disappears
chromosomes turn into chromatin
duplication of chromosomes
spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles
centromeres of duplicated chromosomes align in the center
daughter cells are formed
chart with prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase boxes

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the key events of each mitosis phase:

Prophase:

• Chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
• Nucleolus disappears.
• Spindle fibers start to form, and spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles.

So, place:

• "Nucleolus disappears"
• "Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles"

Metaphase:

• Chromosomes (with sister chromatids) align at the cell’s equator.
• Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber.

So, place:

• "Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber"
• "Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes align in the center"

Anaphase:

• Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes.
• Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles.

So, place:

• "Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes"
• "Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles"

Telophase:

• Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear.
• Chromosomes decondense into chromatin.
• Daughter cells start to form (cytokinesis begins, but telophase includes nuclear reformation).

So, place:

• "Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear"
• "Chromosomes turn into chromatin"
• "Daughter cells are formed"

Note: "Duplication of chromosomes" occurs in the interphase (before mitosis), so it does not belong to any mitosis phase.

Final Classification:

• Prophase: Nucleolus disappears; Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles
• Metaphase: Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber; Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes align in the center
• Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes; Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles
• Telophase: Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear; Chromosomes turn into chromatin; Daughter cells are formed

(The "Duplication of chromosomes" tile is not assigned to any mitosis phase, as it occurs in interphase.)

Answer:

To solve this, we recall the key events of each mitosis phase:

Prophase:

• Chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
• Nucleolus disappears.
• Spindle fibers start to form, and spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles.

So, place:

• "Nucleolus disappears"
• "Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles"

Metaphase:

• Chromosomes (with sister chromatids) align at the cell’s equator.
• Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber.

So, place:

• "Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber"
• "Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes align in the center"

Anaphase:

• Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes.
• Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles.

So, place:

• "Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes"
• "Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles"

Telophase:

• Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear.
• Chromosomes decondense into chromatin.
• Daughter cells start to form (cytokinesis begins, but telophase includes nuclear reformation).

So, place:

• "Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear"
• "Chromosomes turn into chromatin"
• "Daughter cells are formed"

Note: "Duplication of chromosomes" occurs in the interphase (before mitosis), so it does not belong to any mitosis phase.

Final Classification:

• Prophase: Nucleolus disappears; Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids from opposite poles
• Metaphase: Each chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber; Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes align in the center
• Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes; Daughter chromosomes move toward the spindle poles
• Telophase: Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear; Chromosomes turn into chromatin; Daughter cells are formed

(The "Duplication of chromosomes" tile is not assigned to any mitosis phase, as it occurs in interphase.)