Question

childbirth (pp. 498–503)
the birth process

1. complete the flowchart about the birth process.

flowchart with sections: labor (a. ____), delivery of baby (b. ____), delivery of afterbirth

1. put a check mark next to the correct answer.

the time after birth in which the newborn and the parents adjust is called
______a. the post - birth period.
______b. the postpartum period.
______c. the afterbirth.

Explanation:

Question 1 (Completing the flowchart)

Part a (Labor)

Labor in childbirth has three stages: the first stage (dilation of the cervix), the second stage (pushing and delivery of the baby's head and body), and the third stage (delivery of the placenta, but here the next step is delivery of the baby, so the first two stages of labor: uterine contractions begin, cervix dilates to around 10 cm, and the baby moves into the birth canal.

During delivery of the baby, the baby's head emerges first (crowning), then the rest of the body is delivered, and the umbilical cord may be clamped and cut (though that can also happen after). The main actions are the baby passing through the birth canal, head first (usually), and being fully delivered.

• Option a: "Post - birth period" is not the standard medical term.
• Option b: The postpartum period is the time after birth when the newborn and parents adjust, including physical and emotional changes.
• Option c: Afterbirth refers to the placenta and other fetal membranes, not a period of adjustment.

Answer:

a. Uterine contractions start, cervix dilates (to ~10 cm), baby moves into birth canal

Part b (Delivery of Baby)