Question

1. atomic number refers to what subatomic particle?

neutron
proton
electron
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Explanation:

The atomic number of an element is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Neutrons contribute to the mass number (protons + neutrons), and electrons are involved in chemical bonding and other properties but not in defining the atomic number. So, the atomic number refers to the proton.

Answer:

Proton