Question

a. answer the investigation summary questions in your binder. these are found after the graphing
b. answer the following review questions. put your answers in your graphing notebook. if you are co
the progress tracker on the onenote that has the summary of our class notes on it.
a. vocabulary

• define:
• control
• independent variable
• dependent variable
• qualitative data
• quantitative data

b. experimental design & graphing

• design an experiment to test the effect of light color on plant growth. be sure to:
• identify the independent and dependent variables.
• include both qualitative and quantitative data you would collect.
• state the control group.
• list the factors you would keep constant.

sample data for practice:
average height of plants after 2 weeks (in cm):
light color average plant height (cm)
white 12.0 cm
red 10.5 cm
blue 8.0 cm
green 5.5 cm
no light 1.0 cm
graph task:

• use the data to make a bar graph.
• label the x - axis and y - axis.
• give your graph a title.
• circle the independent variable and underline the dependent variable on your graph.

c. lab choice

• why did we use yeast cells instead of humans to study cellular respiration in our experiment?

d. purpose of respiration

• why do organisms perform cellular respiration?

e. the process of cellular respiration

• what are the inputs (go in) and outputs (come out)?

f. cellular energy

• what is the name of the energy a cell uses?

Explanation:

• Vocabulary: Control is a standard for comparison in an experiment. Independent variable is the factor being changed. Dependent variable is what is measured due to the change. Qualitative data is non - numerical, descriptive. Quantitative data is numerical.
• Experimental Design & Graphing: For light color and plant growth, independent variable is light color, dependent is plant growth. Qualitative data could be plant appearance, quantitative could be height. Control group could be plants with no light. Constants: plant type, soil type, water amount.
• Lab Choice: Yeast cells are used instead of humans for cellular respiration as they are simpler, reproduce quickly, and are easier to manipulate.
• Purpose of Respiration: Organisms perform cellular respiration to produce energy (ATP) for life processes.
• Process of Cellular Respiration: Inputs are glucose and oxygen, outputs are carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.
• Cellular Energy: The energy a cell uses is ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Answer:

• A. Vocabulary:
• Control: A standard or baseline in an experiment for comparison.
• Independent variable: The variable that is deliberately changed or manipulated in an experiment.
• Dependent variable: The variable that is measured and is expected to change in response to the independent variable.
• Qualitative data: Descriptive data that does not involve numbers, e.g., color, texture.
• Quantitative data: Numerical data, e.g., height, weight.
• B. Experimental Design & Graphing:
• Independent variable: Light color.
• Dependent variable: Plant growth (measured as height).
• Qualitative data: Plant color, leaf shape, presence of flowers.
• Quantitative data: Average height of plants in cm.
• Control group: Plants exposed to no light.
• Constants: Plant species, amount of water, type of soil, temperature, pot size.
• Graph:
• Title: "Effect of Light Color on Plant Growth"
• X - axis: Light Color (White, Red, Blue, Green, No Light)
• Y - axis: Average Plant Height (cm)
• Circle light color (independent variable) and underline average plant height (dependent variable).
• C. Lab Choice: Yeast cells are single - celled, reproduce rapidly, are easy to culture, and their cellular respiration processes are similar to more complex organisms but are simpler to study and observe compared to humans.
• D. Purpose of Respiration: Organisms perform cellular respiration to break down glucose and other organic molecules to release energy in the form of ATP, which is used for various life processes such as growth, movement, and reproduction.
• E. The Process of Cellular Respiration: Inputs: Glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) and oxygen ($O_2$). Outputs: Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), water ($H_2O$), and ATP.
• F. Cellular Energy: ATP (Adenosine Tri - Phosphate).