Question

1. aliyah is interested in finding out whether half - buried clams are less likely to be eaten by starfish than clams laying on the sand. to test this, she half - buries 10 of the clams in an aquarium tank, and places the other 10 on the sand, then releases two starfish in the tank.

iv ______________________ dv ______________________

eg ______________________ cg ______________________

hypothesis:

1. some researchers are testing the effectiveness of a new medication designed to prevent headaches. the researchers randomly assign participants to one of two groups. group 1 receives the medication, while group 2 receives a placebo (a sugar pill). at the end of each trial period, participants self - report their frequency of headaches.

iv ______________________ dv ______________________

eg ______________________ cg ______________________

Explanation:

Question 2

Step 1: Identify Independent Variable (IV)

The IV is the factor manipulated. Here, it's the clam's position (half - buried or on sand).

Step 2: Identify Dependent Variable (DV)

The DV is what's measured. Here, it's whether clams are eaten (likelihood of being eaten).

Step 3: Identify Experimental Group (EG)

The EG is the group with the manipulated IV. So, clams half - buried.

Step 4: Identify Control Group (CG)

The CG is the group without the manipulated IV. So, clams on the sand.

Step 5: Formulate Hypothesis

The hypothesis is a testable statement. So, Half - buried clams are less likely to be eaten by starfish than clams laying on the sand.

Step 1: Identify Independent Variable (IV)

The IV is the factor manipulated. Here, it's the treatment (medication or placebo).

Step 2: Identify Dependent Variable (DV)

The DV is what's measured. Here, it's the frequency of headaches.

Step 3: Identify Experimental Group (EG)

The EG is the group with the manipulated IV (receiving the medication). So, Group 1 (receives medication)

Step 4: Identify Control Group (CG)

The CG is the group without the manipulated IV (receiving placebo). So, Group 2 (receives placebo)

Answer:

IV: Clam's position (half - buried or on sand)
DV: Likelihood of clams being eaten by starfish
EG: Clams that are half - buried
CG: Clams that are laying on the sand
Hypothesis: Half - buried clams are less likely to be eaten by starfish than clams laying on the sand

Question 3