Question

after the munich agreement was announced, winston churchill gave a speech in parliament about the decision.
do not suppose that this is the end. this is only the beginning of the reckoning. this is only the first sip, the first foretaste of a bitter cup which will be proffered to us year by year unless by a supreme recovery of moral health and martial vigour, we arise again and take our stand for freedom as in the olden time.
winston churchill,
october 5, 1938
what argument does churchill make in this speech?
○ reaching an agreement is the only way to end germany’s aggression.
○ avoiding a war at all costs is the only sensible stance in this situation.
○ giving in to germany’s demands will only lead to more demands down the road.
○ going to war is the best approach to solving most diplomatic problems.

Explanation:

To determine Churchill's argument, we analyze his speech and the options:

• The first option ("Reaching an agreement...") is incorrect because Churchill's tone suggests he is critical of the agreement, not supportive of it as a solution to aggression.
• The second option ("Avoiding a war...") is wrong. Churchill's words ("This is only the beginning... a bitter cup") imply that avoiding war through appeasement (giving in) will lead to worse consequences, not that avoiding war is sensible.
• The third option ("Giving in to Germany’s demands...") matches Churchill's message. His reference to "the first sip... of a bitter cup which will be proffered to us year by year" suggests that conceding to Germany (as in the Munich Agreement) will lead to more demands in the future.
• The fourth option ("Going to war...") is incorrect. Churchill's speech is about the consequences of appeasement, not advocating war as a general solution to diplomatic problems.

Answer:

C. Giving in to Germany’s demands will only lead to more demands down the road.