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Question
acceleration due to gravity lab
question: does acceleration due to gravity of a falling object stay constant?
hypothesis: i think acceleration due to gravity of a falling object will/will not stay constant.
circle the best answer above.
materials
- tennis ball
- golf ball
- timer
- meter stick
- tape
procedure: in this activity, you will calculate and compare the vertical accelerations of two objects with different mass.
- measure the mass of the tennis ball and the golf ball. record the mass in kilograms in the data table below.
- measure a vertical distance of 2 meters from the floor and mark the distance with tape. this will be the drop - height that you use for each trial.
- hold the tennis ball so that its bottom is at the 2 - meter mark.
- drop the ball and record the amount of time it takes to hit the floor before it bounces back up. repeat this step for a total of five trials. record the data in the data table, using the same ball and the same drop - height distance.
- repeat steps 3 - 4 for the golf ball.
- calculate the average time for each ball, using all five trials, and record in the data table.
data table
| object | mass (kg) | height (m) | trial 1 (s) | trial 2 (s) | trial 3 (s) | trial 4 (s) | trial 5 (s) | average time (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| golf ball | 2 m |
calculations
use the time and the height to calculate acceleration due to gravity of each ball using the kinematics formula below:
calculate acceleration due to gravity in m/s².
Step1: Identificar la fórmula cinemática
La fórmula para la distancia en un movimiento uniformly - acelerado es $d = v_0t+\frac{1}{2}at^2$. En el caso de un objeto cayendo desde el reposo ($v_0 = 0$), la fórmula se simplifica a $d=\frac{1}{2}at^2$, donde $d$ es la distancia recorrida, $a$ es la aceleración y $t$ es el tiempo. Re - arreglando para $a$, obtenemos $a=\frac{2d}{t^2}$.
Step2: Sustituir valores para cada objeto
Para cada objeto (tenis y golf), primero debes calcular la aceleración para cada ensayo usando la fórmula $a=\frac{2d}{t^2}$, donde $d = 2m$ (altura de caída). Luego, para calcular la aceleración media de cada objeto, sumas las aceleraciones de los cinco ensayos y las divides entre 5.
Step3: Analizar los resultados
Compara las aceleraciones medias de la pelota de tenis y la pelota de golf. Si son aproximadamente iguales, se puede concluir que la aceleración debida a la gravedad es constante para objetos con diferentes masas.
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Para calcular la aceleración debida a la gravedad de cada objeto:
- Para cada ensayo de cada objeto, usar $a_i=\frac{2\times2}{t_i^2}$ (donde $i$ es el número de ensayo).
- Calcular la aceleración media para cada objeto: $\bar{a}=\frac{\sum_{i = 1}^{5}a_i}{5}$.
- Comparar los valores de $\bar{a}$ para la pelota de tenis y la pelota de golf.