Question

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question 1
under the parens patriae philosophy, juvenile justice procedures should be:
a friendly and lenient
b formal and adversarial
c informal and nonadversarial

Explanation:

The parens patriae philosophy in juvenile justice views the state as a parent figure, aiming to rehabilitate rather than punish juveniles. Juvenile justice procedures under this philosophy are informal (not like adult criminal court formalities) and nonadversarial (focused on helping, not opposing parties in a conflict). Option A's "lenient" is not the core focus (it's about rehabilitation - oriented process, not just being lenient). Option B's formal and adversarial is typical of adult criminal courts, not juvenile under parens patriae. So the correct option is C.

Answer:

C. informal and nonadversarial