32 sep construct an explanation why is water (h₂o) a liquid at room temperature while carbon dioxide (co₂) is a gas? whats different about their structures that results in very different properties?

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# Brief Explanations:
Water ($H_2O$) is a liquid at room temperature because of hydrogen bonding. The oxygen in $H_2O$ is highly electronegative, creating a polar molecule. This leads to strong hydrogen bonds between $H_2O$ molecules. These bonds require more energy (higher temperature) to break, keeping water in liquid state at room temperature. Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is non - polar. It has only weak London dispersion forces (a type of intermolecular force) between its molecules. These weak forces are easily overcome at room temperature, so $CO_2$ molecules can move freely as a gas.

# Answer:
Water ($H_2O$) is liquid at room temperature due to strong hydrogen bonding (a result of its polar structure with an electronegative O atom). Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is non - polar and has only weak London dispersion forces. The difference in intermolecular forces (strong hydrogen bonds in $H_2O$ vs weak London dispersion forces in $CO_2$) causes their different states at room temperature.

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