Question

15.mechanical energy is the total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system.
16.the amount of work done depends on the amount of force exerted and the distance over which the force is applied.
17.the total amount of energy in a system remains constant.
18.kinetic energy depends on mass and volume.
19.the law of conservations of mass states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
20.mechanical advantage is the ratio of output work to input work.
21.maximum speed is the highest speed a falling object can reach when air resistance balances gravity

Explanation:

• 15: Mechanical energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system. So the statement is True.
• 16: Work \(W = F\times d\) (where \(F\) is force and \(d\) is distance). So the amount of work done depends on the force exerted and the distance over which the force is applied. The statement is True.
• 17: According to the law of conservation of energy (for an isolated system), the total amount of energy in a system remains constant. The statement is True.
• 18: Kinetic energy \(K=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\), it depends on mass \(m\) and velocity \(v\), not volume. The statement is False.
• 19: The law of conservation of mass - energy (in a closed system) states that energy (and mass, since \(E = mc^{2}\)) cannot be created or destroyed. The statement is True.
• 20: Mechanical advantage \(MA=\frac{\text{Output force}}{\text{Input force}}\) (or \(\frac{\text{Output work}}{\text{Input work}}\) in an ideal case). The statement is True.
• 21: Terminal velocity (not maximum speed) is the highest speed a falling object can reach when air resistance balances gravitational force. The statement is False.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. True
4. False (change “volume” to “velocity”)
5. True
6. True
7. False (change “Maximum speed” to “Terminal velocity”)