Question

1. a 20 - kilogram monkey hangs from a tree limb by both arms. draw a free - body diagram showing the forces on the monkey. hint: 20 kilograms is not a force!

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze the forces acting on the monkey

The monkey has a mass \(m = 20\space kg\). The force due to gravity (weight) is \(F_g=mg\), where \(g = 9.8\space m/s^2\). So \(F_g=20\times9.8 = 196\space N\) acting vertically downwards.
Since the monkey is hanging from both arms, let the force exerted by each arm be \(F_{arm1}\) and \(F_{arm2}\). Assuming the monkey is in equilibrium (not accelerating), the sum of the upward forces equals the downward force. If the forces from the two arms are equal (\(F_{arm1}=F_{arm2}=F_{arm}\)), then \(2F_{arm}=F_g\).

Step2: Draw the free - body diagram

• Draw a dot to represent the monkey.
• Draw an arrow pointing downwards labeled \(F_g = 196\space N\) (weight of the monkey).
• Draw two arrows pointing upwards (one from each "arm" position) labeled \(F_{arm}\) (force exerted by each arm). The length of each upward arrow should be half the length of the downward arrow (if \(F_{arm1}=F_{arm2}\)) to visually represent \(2F_{arm}=F_g\) in the equilibrium condition.

Answer:

The free - body diagram has a downward force \(F_g=196\space N\) (weight) and two upward forces (from the arms) such that their sum equals \(F_g\).