Question

14 mark for review which choice best uses data from the chart to complete the text? a each additional inch of snow was associated with a larger decrease in turnout than an inch of rain, indicating that snow creates greater barriers to voting than rain across all demographic groups. b both rain and snow increased republican vote share by similar amounts, approximately 0.6 and 0.3 percentage points respectively, demonstrating that all forms of precipitation equally suppress democratic - leaning voters. c each additional inch of rain was associated with roughly a one percentage point decrease in turnout alongside an increase of approximately 0.6 percentage points in republican vote share, suggesting that the voters deterred by rain tended to favor democratic candidates. d the effect of precipitation on turnout was statistically negligible, with less than half a percentage point change per inch, meaning weather conditions rarely influenced election outcomes during this period. chart: estimated effect of precipitation on voter turnout and republican vote share (1948 - 2000) with legend: turnout change per inch of rain (black bar), turnout change per inch of snow (dark gray bar), republican vote share change per inch of rain (light gray bar), republican vote share change per inch of snow (pale gray bar). y - axis: percentage point change from - 1.5 to 1.0.

Explanation:

• Option A: The chart doesn't provide data on demographic groups, so this is unsupported.
• Option B: The chart shows rain (dark gray for turnout, light gray for Republican share) and snow (gray for turnout, lighter gray for Republican share) effects. The Republican vote share increase for rain is ~0.6 and snow ~0.3, but "all forms of precipitation equally suppress Democratic - leaning voters" is unfounded as the chart doesn't show suppression equality.
• Option C: The black bar (turnout change per inch of rain) is around - 1 (a 1 percentage point decrease in turnout), and the light gray bar (Republican vote share change per inch of rain) is around + 0.6. If turnout decreases (voters stay home) and Republican vote share increases, it's likely the deterred voters favored Democrats (since their absence helps Republicans gain share). This matches the data.
• Option D: The black bar (rain - related turnout change) is around - 1, which is more than half a percentage point, so this is incorrect.

Answer:

C. each additional inch of rain was associated with roughly a one percentage point decrease in turnout alongside an increase of approximately 0.6 percentage points in Republican vote share, suggesting that the voters deterred by rain tended to favor Democratic candidates.