Question

1. what is the main mode of transmission for cholera?

a. airborne droplets.
b. contaminated water and food.
c. physical contact with an infected person.
d. unpasteurized dairy products.

1. how do the microbes in the intestinal tract benefit us?

a. produce vitamins
b. break down indigestible foods to release nutrients
c. control metabolism and nutrient storage
d. all of the above

1. why is it important to finish all of an antibiotic, even if you feel better?

a. if all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. this could cause resistant bacteria to spread.
b. if all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may learn how to fight off the antibiotic, causing the sickness to get even worse.
c. if all of the antibiotic is not used, the bacteria may begin ingesting your skin cells, causing a new sickness to arise.
d. if all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may cooperate with other infectious bacteria, resulting in two separate infections at the same time

1. based on the pbs video from class, which of the following statements best explains the relationship between antibiotic use in agriculture and human health?

a. antibiotics used in livestock have no impact on human health.
b. the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture contributes to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can infect humans.
c. antibiotics are primarily used in agriculture to enhance the flavor of meat.
d. antibiotics in agriculture are only used to treat sick animals and do not affect the overall health of the population.

1. what was a significant finding from the research conducted in flagstaff, arizona, regarding urinary tract infections?

a. the infections were solely caused by hospital-acquired bacteria.
b. there was a direct correlation between antibiotic use in humans and the rise of urinary tract infections.
c. some urinary tract infections were genetically linked to antibiotic-resistant e. coli found in supermarket meat.
d. the research concluded that antibiotic resistance is only a problem in hospitals, not in the community.

1. which of the following ecosystems would be considered the most resilient to environmental change?

a. desert
b. tundra
c. tropical rainforest
d. grassland

Explanation:

1. Cholera is mainly transmitted through contaminated water and food.
2. Microbes in the intestinal tract produce vitamins, break down indigestible foods to release nutrients, and control metabolism and nutrient storage.
3. If all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. Some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. This could cause resistant bacteria to spread.
4. The overuse of antibiotics in agriculture contributes to the development of antibiotic - resistant bacteria that can infect humans.
5. Some urinary tract infections were genetically linked to antibiotic - resistant E. coli found in supermarket meat.
6. Tropical rainforest ecosystems are the most resilient to environmental change because they have high biodiversity, complex food webs, and a large number of species that can adapt to changes.

Answer:

1. b. Contaminated water and food.
2. d. All of the above.
3. a. If all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. Some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. This could cause resistant bacteria to spread.
4. b. The overuse of antibiotics in agriculture contributes to the development of antibiotic - resistant bacteria that can infect humans.
5. c. Some urinary tract infections were genetically linked to antibiotic - resistant E. coli found in supermarket meat.
6. c. Tropical Rainforest.