Question

1. melanie watched the path a baseball followed after a pitcher threw it. she noticed that the ball traveled horizontally away from the pitcher, as well as downward toward the ground. what force caused the ball to accelerate in the downward direction when it was thrown?

a. applied force c. electrical force e. 4th dimensional force
b. air resistance d. gravitational force f. strange force

1. a skydiver jumps out of a plane. she falls downward at a very fast speed. when she opens her parachute, she slows down. what force does the parachute utilize to overcome the downward force?

g. friction c. gravity
b. air resistance d. parachute drag

1. as the mass of a planet increases, the strength of a planets gravity...

a. increases c. stays the same
b. decreases d. causes planetary collapse according to keplars law of planetary gravity

1. describe the law of universal gravity.

a. every particle repels every other particle in the universe c. depends on the mass of each object
b. every particle attracts every other particle in the universe d. the laws of gravity are still theoretical

1. upon what two factors does the magnitude of the gravitational force between two objects depend?

e. mass & distance g. volume & distance
f. mass & volume h. mass & velocity

Explanation:

• Question 13: Gravitational force is the force that pulls objects towards the Earth. When the baseball is thrown, gravity acts on it to pull it downward.
• Question 14: Air resistance is a force that opposes the motion of an object through the air. When the skydiver opens her parachute, the large surface area of the parachute increases the air resistance, which slows her down.
• Question 15: According to the law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses. So, as the mass of a planet increases, the strength of its gravity increases.
• Question 16: The law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that depends on the mass of each object and the distance between them.
• Question 17: The magnitude of the gravitational force between two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them. This is described by the formula \(F = G\frac{m_1m_2}{r^2}\), where \(F\) is the gravitational force, \(G\) is the gravitational constant, \(m_1\) and \(m_2\) are the masses of the two objects, and \(r\) is the distance between them.

Answer:

1. d. gravitational force
2. b. air resistance
3. a. increases
4. c. depends on the mass of each object
5. e. mass & distance