Question

1. include triglycerides and phospholipids

check your understanding
answer the following questions:

1. on page 3, you learned that carbohydrates are made of sugars or saccharides. a single sugar molecule is known as a monosaccharide. a polymer of many sugars create a polysaccharide. what would a polymer of only two sugars be called? three sugars?
2. describe 3 complications that a person might experience if their body does not take in enough protein.
3. how are carbohydrates and lipids similar? how are they different?

Explanation:

• For question 13: Based on the naming convention where "mono - " is one, "poly - " is many, so two sugars would be "di - " (prefix for two) and three sugars would be "tri - " (prefix for three) combined with "saccharide".
• For question 14: Proteins are crucial for body functions like enzyme production (enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions), immune system (antibodies are proteins), and tissue repair (collagen is a protein for skin, etc.).
• For question 15: Similarity - Both are organic compounds (contain carbon) and provide energy. Difference - Carbohydrates are more readily broken down for energy (simple sugars like glucose), lipids (fats) store more energy per unit mass and have different structures (e.g., lipids have fatty acid chains).

Answer:

1. A polymer of two sugars is called a disaccharide. A polymer of three sugars is called a trisaccharide.
2. - Weakened immune system (lack of antibodies which are proteins). - Poor wound healing (as collagen, a protein, is needed for tissue repair). - Slowed metabolic processes (many enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions).
3. Similar: Both are organic compounds and sources of energy. Different: Carbohydrates (e.g., glucose) are more quickly metabolized for energy, while lipids (e.g., triglycerides) store more energy per gram and have different structural components (e.g., fatty acid tails in lipids vs. simple sugar units in carbohydrates).