Question

1. earthquakes that occur underwater or near the ocean with a magnitude of 8 or higher have the potential to trigger large tsunamis. while out at sea a tsunami has an amplitude of 0.25 m, however as it approaches shore the tsunami slows down and its amplitude increases to 30 m. identify if the following properties of the tsunami would increase, decrease or stay the same as it approaches the shore.

based on the information above, as the tsunami approaches the shore…

a. the kinetic energy of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).
b. the potential energy of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).
c. the total energy of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).
d. the frequency of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).
e. the wavelength of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).
f. the period of the tsunami (increases / decreases / stays the same).

use the information below to answer questions 13 through 15.

not all disasters are caused by nature. man - made disasters can happen due to human causes or failures in systems. one example of this is an oil spill, which is the accidental release of crude, unprocessed oil into the environment. crude oil does not dissolve in water.

1. since crude oil does not dissolve in water it is a(n) (ionic / polar covalent / nonpolar covalent) compound. while crude oil is a mixture of different compounds, it most likely experiences (dispersion / dipole - dipole / hydrogen bonding) as an intermolecular force between these compounds.

Explanation:

a. Kinetic energy depends on mass and speed. The tsunami slows down as it approaches shore, so kinetic energy decreases.
b. Potential energy depends on height (amplitude here). Amplitude rises from 0.25 m to 30 m, so potential energy increases.
c. Assuming minimal energy loss to the environment, total energy stays conserved.
d. Wave frequency is set by the original earthquake trigger, so it stays the same.
e. Using the wave speed formula $v = f\lambda$. Since $v$ decreases and $f$ stays constant, wavelength $\lambda$ decreases.
f. Period $T=\frac{1}{f}$. Frequency stays unchanged, so period stays the same.
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1. Water is polar; nonpolar substances do not dissolve in polar solvents, so crude oil compounds are nonpolar covalent. Nonpolar molecules only experience dispersion intermolecular forces.

Answer:

a. decreases
b. increases
c. stays the same
d. stays the same
e. decreases
f. stays the same

1. nonpolar covalent; dispersion