Question

1. why did northern industrialists support protective tariffs?

a) tariffs raised the cost of european goods so more people would buy american goods
b) labor unions wanted tariffs to raise workers wages
c) higher prices meant companies earned more profits
d) investors used tariff money to lower production costs

1. why was the supreme courts ruling in mcculloch v. maryland significant?

a) the supreme court declared its right to review the constitutionality of laws
b) it established the supremacy of state laws over federal laws
c) the supreme court used a broad interpretation of the constitution to expand federal power
d) it restricted the federal governments right to regulate interstate commerce

Explanation:

For question 3: Protective tariffs increase the cost of imported goods (like European goods). This makes domestic (American) goods more price - competitive. So, more people would buy American goods, which benefits Northern industrialists.
For question 4: In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court used a broad interpretation of the "necessary and proper" clause (implied powers) in the Constitution. This allowed for the expansion of federal power.

Answer:

1. a) Tariffs raised the cost of European goods so more people would buy American goods
2. c) The Supreme Court used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to expand federal power