Question

which of the following is not a principle of probability?

choose the correct answer below.

a. all events are equally likely in any probability procedure.
b. the probability of an impossible event is 0.
c. the probability of any event is between 0 and 1 inclusive.
d. the probability of an event that is certain to occur is 1.

Explanation:

• Option B: An impossible event has no chance of occurring, so its probability is \(0\). This is a valid principle.
• Option C: Probability values range from \(0\) (impossible) to \(1\) (certain), inclusive. This is a fundamental principle.
• Option D: A certain - to - occur event has a probability of \(1\). This is a valid principle.
• Option A: In many probability procedures, events are not equally likely. For example, when rolling a weighted die, the outcomes do not have equal probabilities.

Answer:

A. All events are equally likely in any probability procedure.