Question

when are commas normally used? select three options.
□ after introductory phrases and clauses
□ around restrictive phrases and clauses
□ around nonrestrictive phrases and clauses
□ before the conjunction joining independent clauses
□ before the conjunction introducing a dependent clause

Explanation:

1. Introductory phrases/clauses set context, so commas follow them to separate from the main clause.
2. Nonrestrictive phrases/clauses add extra, non-essential info; commas set them apart from the core sentence.
3. When a coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses (complete sentences), a comma precedes the conjunction.
4. Restrictive phrases/clauses are essential to define the noun, so they do not use surrounding commas.
5. A comma is not needed before a conjunction introducing a dependent clause that follows an independent clause.

Answer:

• after introductory phrases and clauses
• around nonrestrictive phrases and clauses
• before the conjunction joining independent clauses