Question

what is a monopoly?
a movement to protect business interests
an attempt to dissolve unfair business mergers
an effort to improve individual rights and protect the american consumer
a company that has total control over all trade in a specific market
check answer remaining attempts : 3
activity 6
what was the role of the supreme court during the progressive era?
match each court case with the finding.
northern securities co. v. united states (1904)
standard oil co. v. united states (1911)
lochner v. new york (1905)
state workers freedom to contract was violated by hourly limitations.
a company in new jersey was monopolizing an entire industry and needed to be broken up.
a monopoly controlling railroad lines from chicago to the pacific northwest needed to be broken up.

Explanation:

• Northern Securities Co. v. United States (1904): The Supreme Court ruled that a monopoly controlling railroad lines from Chicago to the Pacific Northwest (the Northern Securities Company, a railroad - holding company) needed to be broken up. This was under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
• Standard Oil Co. v. United States (1911): The Court found that Standard Oil (a company in New Jersey) was monopolizing the oil industry (through practices like horizontal and vertical integration) and ordered it to be broken up into 34 smaller companies.
• Lochner v. New York (1905): The Supreme Court held that a New York law limiting the working hours of bakers (a state - imposed hourly limitation) violated the bakers' (state workers in this context, as bakers are a type of worker) freedom to contract. The Court used the "liberty of contract" doctrine from the due - process clause of the 14th Amendment.

Answer:

• Northern Securities Co. v. United States (1904) $\to$ A monopoly controlling railroad lines from Chicago to the Pacific Northwest needed to be broken up.
• Standard Oil Co. v. United States (1911) $\to$ A company in New Jersey was monopolizing an entire industry and needed to be broken up.
• Lochner v. New York (1905) $\to$ State workers' freedom to contract was violated by hourly limitations.