Question

what did amendment 16 give to congress?
the power to impeach the president
the power to establish national banks
the power to permanently tax income

Explanation:

The 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution specifically addresses congressional authority over taxation, removing previous restrictions on income taxes by allowing Congress to levy them without apportionment among states based on population. The other options relate to different congressional powers from other constitutional provisions.

Answer:

the power to permanently tax income