Question

unit test
unit test complete
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01:43:45
read the two passages.
how does the evidence in the first passage differ from
the evidence in the second?
passage 1
the need for standardized testing in education is a
sensitive topic to some. many fear that the use of these
tests with students of all ages would lead to a decline in
both academic growth and innovation; however, if
standardized testing continues to be a reliable and
objective source of measuring student achievement, we
must conclude that the means justify the end. we can
simply state the results of a 100 - year analysis of testing
research for proof: 93 percent of studies on student
testing found a favorable outcome for student
achievement.
passage 2
when the brookings institution, a 100 - year - old
organization made up of experts in education and
government, reports that up to 80 percent of

passage 1 uses anecdotal evidence, while passage
2 uses empirical evidence.
passage 1 uses empirical evidence, while passage
2 uses logical evidence.
passage 1 uses anecdotal evidence, while passage
2 uses logical evidence.
passage 1 uses logical evidence, while passage 2
uses logical and anecdotal evidence.
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Explanation:

• Passage 1:
• It presents a logical argument. It first acknowledges a concern (fear of decline in academic growth and innovation due to standardized testing), then makes a counter - claim (if it's a reliable and objective measure, means justify the end). And then it uses empirical evidence (93 percent of studies found a favorable outcome) to support the claim.
• Passage 2:
• It simply states the report from the Brookings Institution (a logical reference to an authoritative source) without presenting anecdotal (personal stories) or empirical (statistical data from multiple studies) evidence other than the reference to the institution's report.

Answer:

Passage 1 uses logical and empirical evidence, while Passage 2 uses logical evidence. But among the given options, the closest is "Passage 1 uses logical evidence, while passage 2 uses logical evidence" is incorrect. Let's re - evaluate:

• Anecdotal evidence is based on personal stories. Passage 1 is not based on personal stories.
• Empirical evidence is based on observation and experiment (like the 93% study in Passage 1). Passage 2 is based on a report from an institution (logical as it refers to an authority), not on empirical (data from multiple observations) or anecdotal.
• So, Passage 1 uses empirical (the 93% study) and logical (the argument structure) evidence. Passage 2 uses logical (reference to Brookings Institution) evidence. But if we consider the options:
• Passage 1: The 93% study is empirical. The initial argument is logical. But the option "Passage 1 uses empirical evidence, while passage 2 uses logical evidence" is the best fit among the given options as Passage 1's main presented evidence type (the 93% study) is empirical and Passage 2's evidence (Brookings Institution report) is a logical reference to an authority.

So the answer is: Passage 1 uses empirical evidence, while passage 2 uses logical evidence.