Question

the u.s. supreme court case, brown v. board of education (1954), overturned the law that \separate is equal,\ which was set by the u.s. supreme court decision in plessy v ferguson (1896). this is an example of which constitutional principle?
○ limited government
○ separation of powers
○ judicial review
○ federalism
question 16
2 pts
due to the resignation of a supreme court justice, the president must nominate a new candidate to fill the vacancy. however, due to the extreme beliefs of the nominee, the senate fails to approve the candidate. which principle of the constitution does this fall under?
○ checks and balances
○ popular sovereignty
○ federalism
○ judicial review

Explanation:

First Question (Brown v. Board of Education)

To determine the constitutional principle, we analyze each option:

• Limited Government: Focuses on government power limits, not relevant here.
• Separation of Powers: Divides power among branches, not the case here.
• Judicial Review: The Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional. Brown v. Board overturned Plessy’s “separate is equal” (a prior court decision/law), so this fits.
• Federalism: Involves state - federal power division, not relevant.

Analyzing the options:

• Checks and Balances: Branches check each other. The President nominates (executive power), Senate approves (legislative check on executive), so this fits.
• Popular Sovereignty: Power from the people, not related.
• Federalism: State - federal power, not relevant.
• Judicial Review: About court reviewing laws, not this scenario.

Answer:

C. Judicial Review

Question 16 (Supreme Court Justice Nomination)