Question

organelles that store, clean up, and support

1. what are vacuoles?
2. what are the two roles of the central vacuole in plant cells?
3. how are contractile vacuoles different from other types of vacuoles?
4. in the diagrams of the animal cell and the plant cell, label the structures indicated by the lines.
5. what is the role of lysosomes in the cell? why is this a vital role?
6. which structures of the cytoskeleton are found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
7. what other structures of the cytoskeleton would show the same pattern of microtubules as a flagellum?

Explanation:

1. Vacuoles are membrane - bound organelles that store various substances like water, nutrients, and waste products in cells.
2. In plant cells, the central vacuole helps maintain turgor pressure (keeps the cell rigid) and stores nutrients and waste.
3. Contractile vacuoles are specialized in osmoregulation (pumping out excess water) in single - celled organisms, unlike other vacuoles mainly for storage.
4. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. They break down waste materials, cellular debris, and pathogens, which is vital for cell health and recycling of nutrients.
5. Centrioles are structures of the cytoskeleton found in animal cells but not in plant cells. They are involved in cell division.
6. Cilia have a similar pattern of microtubules as flagella. They are both used for movement or moving substances along the cell surface.

Answer:

1. Membrane - bound organelles for storage.
2. Maintaining turgor pressure and storing substances.
3. Specialized in osmoregulation.
4. Contain digestive enzymes, vital for waste breakdown and nutrient recycling.
5. Centrioles.
6. Cilia.