is a numerical abnormality
is also known as trisomy 16
is also known as trisomy 21
is a structural abnormality
occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 13
occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21
14. which medical technology has made it possible to correct certain birth defects before delivery?
a prenatal surgery
b. alpha-fetoprotein screening
c. magnetic resonance imaging (mri)
d sonogram
15 ______ diabetes is a type of diabetes which develops during pregnancy in women who did not have diabetes prior to pregnancy.
a. gestational
b. fetal
c. conceptual
d. conditional
16 select all of the following strategies which may help to improve sleep during pregnancy.
avoid caffeinated drinks
check email and text messages right before bed
develop a regular sleep cycle even on the weekends
eat a large meal right before bed
exercise right before bed
participate in quiet activities in the hour or so before bed
use extra pillows to support the back, knees and abdomen
17. health consequences to the fetus caused by the use of harmful substances during pregnancy are often ______.
a. reparable with surgery and medication
b. irreversible
c. mild and benign
d. only childhood issues
18. including adequate amounts of protein in the diet provides a feeling of fullness and may reduce the temptation to overeat.
a. true
b. false
19. iron is needed to produce adequate amounts of ______.
a. protein
b. hormones
c. amniotic fluid

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 14
# Brief Explanations:
Prenatal surgery is a medical technology that allows for the correction of certain birth defects before delivery. Alpha - fetoprotein screening is a diagnostic test, MRI is an imaging technique for diagnosis, and a sonogram is also a diagnostic imaging tool for pregnancy. So the correct option is A.
# Answer:
A. Prenatal surgery

### Question 15
# Brief Explanations:
Gestational diabetes is defined as diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who had no diabetes before pregnancy. Fetal is related to the fetus, conceptual is related to concepts, and conditional is related to conditions, none of which fit the definition of pregnancy - related diabetes. So the correct option is A.
# Answer:
A. Gestational

### Question 16
# Brief Explanations:
- Avoid caffeinated drinks: Caffeine can disrupt sleep, so avoiding it helps.
- Check email and text messages right before bed: This can stimulate the mind and make it hard to sleep, so it does not help.
- Develop a regular sleep cycle even on the weekends: A regular sleep cycle promotes better sleep.
- Eat a large meal right before bed: Digesting a large meal can interfere with sleep, so it does not help.
- Exercise right before bed: Exercise can be stimulating and make it hard to sleep, so it does not help.
- Participate in quiet activities in the hour or so before bed: Quiet activities help the mind wind down for sleep.
- Use extra pillows to support the back, knees and abdomen: This can increase comfort during pregnancy, aiding sleep.

So the strategies that help are: Avoid caffeinated drinks, Develop a regular sleep cycle even on the weekends, Participate in quiet activities in the hour or so before bed, Use extra pillows to support the back, knees and abdomen.
# Answer:
- Avoid caffeinated drinks
- Develop a regular sleep cycle even on the weekends
- Participate in quiet activities in the hour or so before bed
- Use extra pillows to support the back, knees and abdomen

### Question 17
# Brief Explanations:
Harmful substances during pregnancy often cause irreversible health consequences to the fetus. They are not usually reparable with just surgery/medication, are not mild and benign in most cases, and can have long - term effects beyond childhood. So the correct option is B.
# Answer:
B. Irreversible

### Question 18
# Brief Explanations:
Protein takes longer to digest and provides a feeling of fullness, which can reduce the temptation to overeat. So the statement is true, and the correct option is A.
# Answer:
A. True

### Question 19 (assuming the third option is maybe a typo and should be something like "Hemoglobin" as iron is needed for hemoglobin production; but based on the given options, there might be an error. However, if we go with the given options, none of A (Protein), B (Hormones) are correct in the typical sense. But if we assume a possible typo and the intended answer related to iron's role, but with the given options, there is an issue. But if we consider the options as given, maybe there is a mistake. But if we have to choose from the given, perhaps there is an error. But if we assume that maybe the third option was miswritten, and the intended answer is related to hemoglobin, but since it's not there, perhaps the question has a typo. But based on the given options, we can note that iron is needed for hemoglobin (not in the options), but among the given, there is no correct answer. But maybe it's a typo and the third option was supposed to be "Hemoglobin" or similar. However, with the given options, we can't provide a correct answer from them. But if we have to choose, perhaps the question has an error.

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Explanation:

Question 14

Answer:

Question 15