Question

name: _______________
testable questions, hypothesis, variables, controls, oh my!
use your own words to define:
testable question:
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manipulated/independent variable:
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responding/dependent variable
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controlled variable:
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hypothesis::
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what is the relationship between the different variables, the controls and the hypothesis:
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Explanation:

• Testable question: A question that can be answered through scientific experimentation or observation, with measurable variables. For example, "Does the amount of sunlight affect plant growth?"
• Manipulated/Independent variable: The variable in an experiment that the researcher intentionally changes or manipulates to see its effect on another variable. E.g., in a plant growth experiment, the amount of sunlight (if we change it) is the independent variable.
• Responding/Dependent variable: The variable that changes in response to the manipulation of the independent variable. In the plant example, plant height or growth rate is the dependent variable as it depends on sunlight.
• Controlled variable: Variables that are kept constant throughout an experiment to ensure that the change in the dependent variable is only due to the independent variable. For the plant, factors like soil type, water amount, and temperature might be controlled.
• Hypothesis: A testable prediction or statement that proposes a relationship between variables. E.g., "If a plant receives more sunlight, then it will grow taller because sunlight is essential for photosynthesis."
• Relationship between variables, controls, and hypothesis: The hypothesis predicts how the independent variable (manipulated) affects the dependent variable (responding). Controlled variables are held constant to isolate the relationship, so that any change in the dependent variable can be attributed to the independent variable, supporting or refuting the hypothesis.

Answer:

• Testable question: A question answerable by experiment/observation with measurable variables.
• Manipulated/Independent variable: Variable changed by researcher in an experiment.
• Responding/Dependent variable: Variable that changes in response to independent variable.
• Controlled variable: Variable kept constant to ensure valid results.
• Hypothesis: Testable prediction about variable relationships.
• Relationship: Hypothesis links independent and dependent variables; controls isolate this relationship.