Question

1. in the morning, shadows are long because...

a) the sun is high in the sky
b) the sun is low near the horizon
c) earth is not rotating
d) the axis runs through the poles

1. at noon, shadows are...

a) longest of the day
b) shortest of the day
c) pointing west
d) pointing east

1. what is the main idea of the passage?

a) shadows only happen in the morning and afternoon
b) shadows are longer in summer than in winter
c) shadows change length and direction because of earth’s rotation and the sun’s position
d) shadows are not real, they are just tricks of light

Explanation:

Question 6

In the morning, the Sun is low near the horizon (option b). When the Sun is low, the angle of sunlight is shallow, so shadows are longer. If the Sun were high (option a), shadows would be shorter. Earth's rotation (option c) is constant and not the reason for morning shadow length, and the Earth's axis through poles (option d) relates to seasons, not daily shadow length.

At noon, the Sun is at its highest point in the sky for the day, so shadows are the shortest (option b). They are not longest (option a) at noon. The Sun is south (in Northern Hemisphere) at noon, so shadows point north, not west (c) or east (d).

Shadows change length and direction due to Earth’s rotation (which changes Sun’s position) and revolution (for seasons, but daily is rotation). Option a is wrong (shadows happen all day). Option b is incorrect (shadows are longer in winter, shorter in summer in many regions, but the main idea is about daily/seasonal change from Earth’s motion). Option d is wrong (shadows are real, from light blocking). So option c is correct as it explains shadows’ change due to Earth’s rotation (and revolution for seasonal) affecting Sun’s position, hence shadow length/direction.

Answer:

b. the Sun is low near the horizon

Question 7