Question

main idea: the roots of government
the smaller the society, the fewer probably will be the distinct parties and interests composing it... the more easily will they concert and execute their plans of oppression. extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety of parties and interests.
— james madison,
the federalist papers
what is the main idea in this passage?
○ in a small society, few citizens participate in government.
○ a more diverse society allows more interests to be heard.
○ a smaller society is more likely to protect against oppression.
○ a larger society is less diverse and has fewer interests.

Explanation:

The passage states small societies have fewer interests, making oppression easier, while larger societies include a greater variety of parties and interests. This aligns with the idea that diverse, larger societies have more competing interests that are represented. The other options are incorrect: the passage does not mention citizen participation, claims small societies enable oppression (not protect from it), and says larger societies are more (not less) diverse.

Answer:

B. A more diverse society allows more interests to be heard.