Question

main idea
phases of
the moon
use with page 778.
details
sequence the phases of the moon as it orbits earth. the first phase has
been done for you.
__ first quarter __ waning crescent
__ full moon __ waning gibbous
1 new moon ____ waxing crescent
__ third quarter __ waxing gibbous
solar and lunar
eclipses
use with pages 779–782.
details
identify the eclipses below as either solar or lunar. then label earth, the
moon, the sun, the umbra, and the penumbra in each figure.
____ eclipse
image of eclipse
____ eclipse
image of eclipse

Explanation:

Part 1: Phases of the Moon

The correct sequence of moon phases (starting from new moon) is:

1. New Moon
2. Waxing Crescent
3. First Quarter
4. Waxing Gibbous
5. Full Moon
6. Waning Gibbous
7. Third Quarter
8. Waning Crescent

So the numbers to fill in the blanks are:

• First Quarter: \( 3 \)
• Full Moon: \( 5 \)
• Third Quarter: \( 7 \)
• Waning Crescent: \( 8 \)
• Waning Gibbous: \( 6 \)
• Waxing Crescent: \( 2 \)
• Waxing Gibbous: \( 4 \)

Part 2: Solar and Lunar Eclipses

• Top Eclipse (Moon in Earth’s shadow): This is a Lunar Eclipse. In a lunar eclipse, the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon. Label: Sun (light source), Earth (middle), Moon (in Earth’s shadow), Umbra (darkest shadow), Penumbra (partial shadow).
• Bottom Eclipse (Moon blocks Sun from Earth): This is a Solar Eclipse. In a solar eclipse, the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth. Label: Sun (light source), Moon (middle), Earth (in Moon’s shadow), Umbra (darkest shadow), Penumbra (partial shadow).

Final Answers (Phase Numbering)

• First Quarter: \( \boldsymbol{3} \)
• Full Moon: \( \boldsymbol{5} \)
• Third Quarter: \( \boldsymbol{7} \)
• Waning Crescent: \( \boldsymbol{8} \)
• Waning Gibbous: \( \boldsymbol{6} \)
• Waxing Crescent: \( \boldsymbol{2} \)
• Waxing Gibbous: \( \boldsymbol{4} \)

(For eclipses: Top = Lunar, Bottom = Solar; labels follow the eclipse type’s geometry.)

Answer:

Part 1: Phases of the Moon

The correct sequence of moon phases (starting from new moon) is:

1. New Moon
2. Waxing Crescent
3. First Quarter
4. Waxing Gibbous
5. Full Moon
6. Waning Gibbous
7. Third Quarter
8. Waning Crescent

So the numbers to fill in the blanks are:

• First Quarter: \( 3 \)
• Full Moon: \( 5 \)
• Third Quarter: \( 7 \)
• Waning Crescent: \( 8 \)
• Waning Gibbous: \( 6 \)
• Waxing Crescent: \( 2 \)
• Waxing Gibbous: \( 4 \)

Part 2: Solar and Lunar Eclipses

• Top Eclipse (Moon in Earth’s shadow): This is a Lunar Eclipse. In a lunar eclipse, the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon. Label: Sun (light source), Earth (middle), Moon (in Earth’s shadow), Umbra (darkest shadow), Penumbra (partial shadow).
• Bottom Eclipse (Moon blocks Sun from Earth): This is a Solar Eclipse. In a solar eclipse, the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth. Label: Sun (light source), Moon (middle), Earth (in Moon’s shadow), Umbra (darkest shadow), Penumbra (partial shadow).

Final Answers (Phase Numbering)

• First Quarter: \( \boldsymbol{3} \)
• Full Moon: \( \boldsymbol{5} \)
• Third Quarter: \( \boldsymbol{7} \)
• Waning Crescent: \( \boldsymbol{8} \)
• Waning Gibbous: \( \boldsymbol{6} \)
• Waxing Crescent: \( \boldsymbol{2} \)
• Waxing Gibbous: \( \boldsymbol{4} \)

(For eclipses: Top = Lunar, Bottom = Solar; labels follow the eclipse type’s geometry.)