Question

how does the author’s language shape his claims? cite two pieces of textual evidence and explain how they support your claim.
rubric
score 20

• response explains how the author’s language shapes his claims.
• response includes two examples of textual support that reinforce the explanation of how the author’s language shapes his claims.

score 10

• response explains how...
• response includes two examples of textual support that do not reinforce the explanation of how the author’s language shapes his claims or lacks one example of textual support that reinforces the explanation of how the author’s language shapes his claims.

score 0

• response fails to explain how the author’s language shapes his claims.
• response fails to include at least one example of textual support that reinforces the explanation of how the author’s language shapes his claims or includes textual support that is irrelevant because the response does not have an explanation of how the author’s language shapes his claims.

Explanation:

To answer this, we analyze the rubric and the question:

Step 1: Understand the Task

The question asks how the author’s language shapes their claims, with two textual examples. The rubric defines success (Score 20) as explaining the language-claim relationship and including two relevant textual supports.

Step 2: Plan the Response Structure

1. Identify the Author’s Language Style: Determine if the author uses persuasive, descriptive, technical, or emotional language.
2. Find Textual Evidence: Locate two quotes/phrases that show how language influences the claim.
3. Explain the Link: For each example, connect the language (e.g., word choice, tone) to how it strengthens or clarifies the claim.

Example Response (Generic, Adapt to Specific Text):

Suppose the text is an argument about environmental protection.

1. Textual Evidence 1: “The ‘irreversible’ damage to coral reefs demands immediate global action.”

• Explanation: The author uses the word “irreversible” (emphatic, urgent language) to shape the claim that environmental action is critical. The strong adjective emphasizes the severity of the problem, compelling readers to accept the need for urgency.

1. Textual Evidence 2: “Like a patient in intensive care, our planet’s ecosystems require emergency treatment.”

• Explanation: The metaphor (“patient in intensive care”) humanizes the planet, making the claim about ecological crisis more relatable. This figurative language evokes empathy, reinforcing the claim that ecosystems need urgent help.

Final Answer (Structure):

To score 20, your response should:

• Clearly explain how language (word choice, tone, figurative language, etc.) shapes the claim (e.g., by adding urgency, authority, or emotional appeal).
• Include two specific textual examples, each with a brief explanation of how the language in that example supports the claim.

For a specific text, substitute the examples with quotes from the passage and tailor the explanation to the author’s actual language and claims.

Answer:

To answer this, we analyze the rubric and the question:

Step 1: Understand the Task

The question asks how the author’s language shapes their claims, with two textual examples. The rubric defines success (Score 20) as explaining the language-claim relationship and including two relevant textual supports.

Step 2: Plan the Response Structure

1. Identify the Author’s Language Style: Determine if the author uses persuasive, descriptive, technical, or emotional language.
2. Find Textual Evidence: Locate two quotes/phrases that show how language influences the claim.
3. Explain the Link: For each example, connect the language (e.g., word choice, tone) to how it strengthens or clarifies the claim.

Example Response (Generic, Adapt to Specific Text):

Suppose the text is an argument about environmental protection.

1. Textual Evidence 1: “The ‘irreversible’ damage to coral reefs demands immediate global action.”

• Explanation: The author uses the word “irreversible” (emphatic, urgent language) to shape the claim that environmental action is critical. The strong adjective emphasizes the severity of the problem, compelling readers to accept the need for urgency.

1. Textual Evidence 2: “Like a patient in intensive care, our planet’s ecosystems require emergency treatment.”

• Explanation: The metaphor (“patient in intensive care”) humanizes the planet, making the claim about ecological crisis more relatable. This figurative language evokes empathy, reinforcing the claim that ecosystems need urgent help.

Final Answer (Structure):

To score 20, your response should:

• Clearly explain how language (word choice, tone, figurative language, etc.) shapes the claim (e.g., by adding urgency, authority, or emotional appeal).
• Include two specific textual examples, each with a brief explanation of how the language in that example supports the claim.

For a specific text, substitute the examples with quotes from the passage and tailor the explanation to the author’s actual language and claims.