Question

the history of woman suffrage is a six - volume work written by multiple authors over a period of 40 years. this excerpt was written by well - known activist ida husted harper in 1921, two years after u.s. women gained the right to vote in all states. however, many citizens were still unable to vote until the passage of the voting rights act of 1965.
from the history of woman suffrage
1
a voice in the government under which one lives is absolutely necessary to personal liberty and the right of a whole people to a voice in their government is the first requisite for a free country. there must be government by a constitution made with the consent and help of the people which guarantees this right. it is only within the last century and a half that a constitutional form of government has been secured by any countries and in the most of those where it now exists, not excepting the united states, it was won through war and bloodshed. largely for this reason its principal advantage was monopolized by men, who made and carried on war, and who held that such government must be maintained by physical force and only those should have a voice in it who could fight for it if necessary. there were many other reasons why those who had thus secured their right to a vote should use their new power to withhold it from women, which was done in every country. women then had to begin their own contest for what by the law of justice was theirs as much as men’s when government by constitution was established.
2
their struggle lasted for nearly three quarters of a century in the united... based on the passage, how did the struggle for constitutional democracies and the struggle for woman suffrage differ?

1. many wars were fought in support of constitutional democracies, but most of the activism in support of woman suffrage was entirely peaceful.
2. both men and women supported constitutional democracies, but only women supported woman suffrage during the time period about which harper writes.
3. the establishment of constitutional democracies was a quick and strategic process, but the establishment of woman suffrage was a slow and methodical process.
4. establishing constitutional democracies required little participation from legislative bodies, but establishing woman suffrage required the full consent of legislative bodies.

ida husted harper (1851 - 1931)

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option 1: The passage doesn't state woman suffrage activism was "entirely peaceful", so eliminate.
• Option 2: The passage doesn't say only women supported woman suffrage; men could have too, so eliminate.
• Option 3: The passage says constitutional democracies were often won through war (quick/strategic in a sense of conflict) and woman suffrage "lasted for nearly three - quarters of a century" (slow, methodical). This matches.
• Option 4: The passage doesn't mention legislative participation differences, so eliminate.

Answer:

1. The establishment of constitutional democracies was a quick and strategic process, but the establishment of woman suffrage was a slow and methodical process.