Question

a graduate student designs a research study. she hopes to show that the results of her experiment are statistically significant. what type of p - value indicates statistically significant results?
a. a large p - value
b. a small p - value
c. the magnitude of a p - value has no impact on statistical significance.
select one answer.
10 points

Explanation:

In statistical hypothesis testing, a small p - value (typically less than a pre - specified significance level, e.g., 0.05) indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis. This means that the observed results are unlikely to have occurred by chance under the null hypothesis, and thus the results are statistically significant. A large p - value suggests that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, and the magnitude of the p - value does matter for determining statistical significance (contrary to option C). So, a small p - value is what indicates statistically significant results.

Answer:

B. A small p - value