Question

for fifteen years i have resided in washington, and while it was far from being a paradise for colored people when i first touched these shores it has been doing its level best ever since to make conditions for us intolerable. as a colored woman i might enter washington any night, a stranger in a strange land, and walk miles without finding a place to lay my head. the colored man alone is thrust out of the hotels of the national capital like a leper.
as a colored woman i may walk from the capitol to the white house, ravenously hungry and abundantly supplied with money with which to purchase a meal, without finding a single restaurant in which i would be permitted to take a morsel of food.
as a colored woman i may enter more than one white church in washington without receiving that welcome which as a human being i have the right to expect in the sanctuary of god....
and so i might go on citing instance after instance to show the variety of ways in which our people are sacrificed on the altar of prejudice in the capital of the united states and how almost insurmountable are the obstacles which block our path to success.
adapted from mary church terrell, \what it means to be colored in the capital of the u.s.\
based on the excerpt, what is the purpose of mary church terrells speech?
to elaborate on the problems african americans face when going to church
to persuade hotels to offer accommodations to african americans
to suggest that a new name be given to the capital
to demonstrate the difficulties that african americans face in the capital

Explanation:

The text details multiple hardships African - Americans face in Washington, D.C. (no place to stay, no restaurant to eat, no welcome in churches). It's a broad demonstration of difficulties, not just church - related (first option is too narrow). There's no persuasion for hotels (second option) or name - changing (third option). The overall content aligns with showing multiple difficulties.

Answer:

to demonstrate the difficulties that African Americans face in the capital