Question

a dietician asks a patient about the food that the patient eats and makes the table below to summarize the results.

macromolecule	suggested percentage of diet	actual percentage of diet
lipids	20–35%	5%
proteins	10–35%	25%

based on the table, what advice do you think that the dietician will give the patient?

• the patient should increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) and decrease the amount of oils in his or her diet.
• the patient should decrease the amount of lean meats (proteins) and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
• the patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
• the patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) in his or her diet.

Explanation:

1. Analyze each macromolecule's actual vs. suggested percentage:

• Carbohydrates: Actual (70%) > Suggested (45 - 65%), so need to decrease (rice, pasta are carbs).
• Lipids: Actual (5%) < Suggested (20 - 35%), so need to increase (oils are lipids).
• Proteins: Actual (25%) is within Suggested (10 - 35%), so no change needed for proteins.

1. Evaluate options:

• Option 1: Protein is already okay, so incorrect.
• Option 2: Protein is okay, lipid needs increase (not decrease), incorrect.
• Option 3: Protein is okay, so incorrect.
• Option 4: Decrease carbs (rice, pasta) and increase lipids (oils) matches the analysis.
• Option 5: Protein is okay, so incorrect.

Answer:

D. The patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet. (Note: Assuming the fourth option is labeled D; adjust label based on original, but the content is as above.)