QUESTION IMAGE
Question
describing cross-cutting relationships
fill in the blanks to complete the paragraph.
the principle of cross-cutting relationships states that certain features, such as faults, are ▼ than the
rock layers they cut through. these features are breaks in earth’s surface where rock has moved sideways, upward,
or downward. ▼ formations are made of molten rock that has cooled. those on earth’s surface are
called ▼. those beneath earth’s surface are called ▼.
Brief Explanations
- For the first blank: The principle of cross - cutting relationships in geology (a subfield of Natural Science, specifically Geography or Earth Science) states that a feature that cuts through rock layers must be younger than the layers it cuts. So the first blank should be "younger".
- For the second blank: The features described as breaks in Earth's surface where rock has moved are faults. So the second blank is "Fault".
- For the third blank: Formations made of molten rock that has cooled are igneous formations. So the third blank is "Igneous".
- For the fourth blank: Igneous formations on Earth's surface are called extrusive igneous rocks (or more specifically, lava flows or volcanic rocks, but the term for the formation on the surface is "extrusive" or "volcanic" in the context of igneous rocks; the specific term here is "lava" - formed rocks, but the standard term for igneous rocks on the surface is extrusive, and the rock type is called "lava" - related, but the correct term for the formation on the surface is "extrusive" or the rock is called "lava" - formed, but the standard answer for the fourth blank (igneous rocks on surface) is "lava" (if we consider the rock formed from lava on the surface) or "extrusive igneous rocks". However, in the context of the question, the first part of the igneous formation: those on the surface are called "lava" (the molten rock that cools on the surface is lava, and the rock formed is called extrusive igneous rock, but the term for the formation on the surface is "lava" - related. Wait, actually, igneous rocks formed on the surface (from lava) are called extrusive igneous rocks, and those below the surface (from magma) are intrusive. So the fourth blank (on surface) is "lava" (the molten rock that cools on the surface) or "extrusive igneous rocks". But the standard fill - in for this question:
- First blank: younger (because the cross - cutting feature must be younger than the layers it cuts)
- Second blank: Fault (faults are breaks where rock moves)
- Third blank: Igneous (igneous formations are from molten rock cooling)
- Fourth blank: lava (igneous rocks on the surface are formed from lava cooling)
- Fifth blank: magma (igneous rocks below the surface are formed from magma cooling, but in the question, the fourth blank is for on - surface, fifth for below. Wait, the question has four blanks? Wait, the original question: "The principle of cross - cutting relationships states that certain features, such as faults, are [blank1] than the rock layers they cut through. These features are breaks in Earth's surface where rock has moved sideways, upward, or downward. [blank2] formations are made of molten rock that has cooled. Those on Earth's surface are called [blank3]. Those beneath Earth's surface are called [blank4]."
- So:
- blank1: younger (cross - cutting features are younger than the layers they cut)
- blank2: Igneous (igneous rocks form from molten rock cooling)
- blank3: lava (igneous rocks on the surface are formed from lava (molten rock on the surface) cooling)
- blank4: magma (igneous rocks below the surface are formed from magma (molten rock below the surface) cooling, but the rock formed is called intrusive igneous rock, and the molten rock below is magma. So the formation (the molten rock that cools) below the surface is from magma, and the rock is intrusive. But in the context of the fill - in, for the on - surface, it's lava (the molten rock that cools on the surface to form extrusive igneous rocks), and below the surface, it's magma (th…
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- younger
- Igneous
- lava
- magma
(Note: If the second blank was supposed to be about the fault - related, but no, the second sentence after the first blank is about the breaks (faults), then the next part is about igneous formations. So the correct fills are:
- First blank: younger (cross - cutting principle: the cutting feature is younger)
- Second blank: Igneous (igneous rocks come from molten rock cooling)
- Third blank: lava (igneous rocks on surface form from lava)
- Fourth blank: magma (igneous rocks below surface form from magma)
If there was a mis - count of blanks, but based on the given text, these are the correct fills.)