Question

critical thinking

1. applying concepts classify each substance according to its state of matter: apple juice, bread, a textbook, and steam.
2. identifying relationships the volume of a gas can change, but the volume of a solid cannot. explain why this is true.

Explanation:

Step - by - Step Format

Step1: Classify substances in question 4

Apple juice is a liquid as it takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume. Bread and a textbook are solids as they have a definite shape and volume. Steam is a gas as it has no definite shape or volume and fills the entire container it is in.

Step2: Explain the volume property in question 5

In a gas, the particles are far apart and move freely. They can spread out to occupy more or less space, so the volume can change depending on the container or external conditions like pressure and temperature. In a solid, the particles are closely packed in a fixed arrangement. They have strong intermolecular forces holding them in place, so the solid has a fixed shape and volume and is not easily compressible or expandable.

Answer:

1. Apple juice: liquid; Bread: solid; Textbook: solid; Steam: gas
2. Gas particles are far - apart and free - moving, allowing volume change. Solid particles are closely - packed with strong intermolecular forces, fixing volume.