Question

1. complete the chart below:

chart with columns: prokaryote, eukaryote; rows: size?, nucleus or no nucleus?, types of organisms?, other details

Explanation:

To complete the chart comparing Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, we analyze each row:

1. Size?

• Prokaryote: Typically small, ranging from \(0.1 - 5\ \mu\text{m}\) in diameter.
• Eukaryote: Larger, usually \(10 - 100\ \mu\text{m}\) in diameter.

2. Nucleus or no nucleus?

• Prokaryote: No true nucleus (DNA is in a nucleoid region, not enclosed by a nuclear membrane).
• Eukaryote: Has a true nucleus (DNA enclosed within a nuclear membrane).

3. Types of organisms?

• Prokaryote: Bacteria and Archaea.
• Eukaryote: Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.

4. Other details

• Prokaryote:
• Lack membrane - bound organelles (e.g., no mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum).
• Usually have a cell wall (composition differs from eukaryotic cell walls, e.g., peptidoglycan in bacteria).
• Reproduce asexually (e.g., binary fission).
• Eukaryote:
• Have membrane - bound organelles (e.g., mitochondria, chloroplasts in plants, Golgi apparatus).
• Some have cell walls (e.g., plants have cellulose - based cell walls, fungi have chitin - based cell walls; animals lack cell walls).
• Reproduce sexually (most) or asexually (e.g., budding in yeast, mitosis in some protists).

We can now fill the chart:

	Prokaryote	Eukaryote
Nucleus or no nucleus?	No true nucleus (nucleoid)	True nucleus (membrane - bound)
Types of organisms?	Bacteria, Archaea	Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Other details	No membrane - bound organelles; often have peptidoglycan cell wall; asexual reproduction (binary fission)	Membrane - bound organelles; some have cell walls (cellulose/chitin); sexual/asexual reproduction

Answer:

To complete the chart comparing Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, we analyze each row:

1. Size?

• Prokaryote: Typically small, ranging from \(0.1 - 5\ \mu\text{m}\) in diameter.
• Eukaryote: Larger, usually \(10 - 100\ \mu\text{m}\) in diameter.

2. Nucleus or no nucleus?

• Prokaryote: No true nucleus (DNA is in a nucleoid region, not enclosed by a nuclear membrane).
• Eukaryote: Has a true nucleus (DNA enclosed within a nuclear membrane).

3. Types of organisms?

• Prokaryote: Bacteria and Archaea.
• Eukaryote: Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.

4. Other details

• Prokaryote:
• Lack membrane - bound organelles (e.g., no mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum).
• Usually have a cell wall (composition differs from eukaryotic cell walls, e.g., peptidoglycan in bacteria).
• Reproduce asexually (e.g., binary fission).
• Eukaryote:
• Have membrane - bound organelles (e.g., mitochondria, chloroplasts in plants, Golgi apparatus).
• Some have cell walls (e.g., plants have cellulose - based cell walls, fungi have chitin - based cell walls; animals lack cell walls).
• Reproduce sexually (most) or asexually (e.g., budding in yeast, mitosis in some protists).

We can now fill the chart:

	Prokaryote	Eukaryote
Nucleus or no nucleus?	No true nucleus (nucleoid)	True nucleus (membrane - bound)
Types of organisms?	Bacteria, Archaea	Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Other details	No membrane - bound organelles; often have peptidoglycan cell wall; asexual reproduction (binary fission)	Membrane - bound organelles; some have cell walls (cellulose/chitin); sexual/asexual reproduction