Question

1. cer claim/evidence/reasoning: based on the data you collected and analyzed, make a claim that answers the following question and then provide evidence and reasoning to support your claim. question: how do net force and mass affect the acceleration of an object? claim: write a statement that answers the question the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it when the mass is constant inversely proportional to the mass when the net force is constant. evidence: describe specific data from the lab that supports your claim. reasoning: explain how the evidence supports your claim. include the science principle that connects the evidence to the claim. investigate net force acceleration and mass page 1

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the claim

The claim is that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net - force acting on it when the mass is constant and inversely proportional to the mass when the net - force is constant. This is based on Newton's second law of motion $F = ma$, which can be rewritten as $a=\frac{F}{m}$.

Step2: Provide evidence

Suppose in a lab experiment, we have a cart on a friction - less track. When we keep the mass of the cart constant (say $m = 2$ kg) and change the force applied to it using a spring scale or weights. If we apply a force $F_1=2$ N, the acceleration $a_1$ can be measured using a motion sensor. According to $a=\frac{F}{m}$, $a_1=\frac{2\ N}{2\ kg}=1\ m/s^{2}$. If we double the force to $F_2 = 4$ N, the acceleration doubles to $a_2=\frac{4\ N}{2\ kg}=2\ m/s^{2}$, showing direct proportionality between force and acceleration when mass is constant. When we keep the force constant (say $F = 4$ N) and change the mass. If $m_1 = 2$ kg, $a_1=\frac{4\ N}{2\ kg}=2\ m/s^{2}$, and if we double the mass to $m_2=4$ kg, $a_2=\frac{4\ N}{4\ kg}=1\ m/s^{2}$, showing inverse proportionality between mass and acceleration when force is constant.

Step3: Explain the reasoning

The science principle is Newton's second law of motion, $F = ma$. This law states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration. When we manipulate the force and mass in the lab, the resulting changes in acceleration follow the mathematical relationship described by this law. The evidence of the changes in acceleration with changes in force and mass supports the claim because they are consistent with the predictions made by Newton's second law.

Answer:

Claim: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net - force acting on it when the mass is constant and inversely proportional to the mass when the net - force is constant.
Evidence: In a lab experiment with a cart on a friction - less track, when mass is constant, doubling the force doubles the acceleration, and when force is constant, doubling the mass halves the acceleration.
Reasoning: Based on Newton's second law of motion $F = ma$, which describes the relationship between net force, mass, and acceleration.