Question

a car dealership conducted a survey. it showed that a younger customer tended to purchase a lower - priced car. what is likely true? (a) there is no correlation between age and purchase price. (b) there is a correlation between age and purchase price. there may or may not be causation. further studies would have to be done to determine this. (c) there is a correlation between age and purchase price. there is probably also causation. this is because there is a decrease in the purchase price with a decrease in age. a doctors office found that a lower outside temperature did not indicate a change in the number of appointments made. what can we determine from this information? (a) there is no correlation between outside temperature and number of appointments made. (b) there is a correlation between outside temperature and number of appointments made. there is likely an increase in the number of appointments made with a decrease in the temperature outside. (c) there is a correlation between outside temperature and number of appointments made. there may or may not be causation. further studies would have to be done to determine this. a piano instructor examined student progress. he noticed that when students spend less time playing video games, their memorization ability does not tend to change. what can he conclude? (a) there is no correlation between amount of time spent playing video games and memorization ability. (b) there is a correlation between amount of time spent playing video games and memorization ability. there is probably also causation. this is because there is an increase in memorization ability with a decrease in the amount of time spent playing video games. (c) there is a correlation between amount of time spent playing video games and memorization ability. there may or may not be causation. further studies would have to be done to determine this.

Explanation:

(a) A correlation between age and purchase price is observed, but correlation does not imply causation. Further studies are needed to determine causation.
(b) Just because there is a decrease in outside temperature and number of appointments made does not mean one causes the other. More research is required to establish causation.
(c) The decrease in time playing video - games and student progress may be correlated, but it's not certain if one causes the other. Further investigation is needed to conclude causation.

Answer:

(a) There is a correlation between age and purchase price. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this.
(b) There is a correlation between outside temperature and number of appointments made. However, there is no causation. This is because there is a likely an increase in the number of appointments made with a decrease in the temperature outside. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this.
(c) A piano instructor examined student progress. He noticed that when students spend less time playing video games, their memorization ability does not tend to change. What can he conclude? There is a correlation between amount of time spent playing video games and memorization ability. There is probably also causation. This is because there is an increase in memorization ability with a decrease in the amount of time spent playing video games. There may or may not be causation.